Johnson and Johnson's Estimate Affected by Baby Powder

Mayflower in Plymouth Harbor, painting by William Halsall (1882)

This is a listing of the passengers on board the Mayflower during its trans-Atlantic voyage of September 6 – November ix, 1620, the majority of them becoming the settlers of Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts. Of the passengers, 37 were members of a separatist Puritan congregation in Leiden, The Netherlands (likewise known as Brownists), who were seeking to establish a colony in the New Globe^[1] where they could preserve their English language identities but practice their religion without interference from the English language government or church building.^[two] The Mayflower launched with 102 passengers, 74 male person and 28 female, and a crew headed by Chief Christopher Jones. Nigh half of the passengers died in the first winter. Many Americans can trace their ancestry back to one or more of these individuals who have become known as the Pilgrims.

Members of the Leiden, The netherlands Congregation [edit]

Provincetown memorial to Pilgrims who died in Cape Cod Harbor.

Annotation: An asterisk on a name indicates those who died in the winter of 1620–21.

• Allerton, Isaac (perchance Suffolk).^{[three] [ self-published source? ]}
  • Mary (Norris) Allerton*, wife (Newbury, Berkshire)^[4]
  • Bartholomew Allerton, 7, son (Leiden, Holland).
  • Remember Allerton, 5, daughter (Leiden).
  • Mary Allerton, 3, girl (Leiden). She died in 1699, the final surviving Mayflower passenger.^[five]
• Bradford, William (Austerfield, Yorkshire).
  • Dorothy (May) Bradford*, wife (Wisbech, Isle of Ely, Cambridgeshire).
• Brewster, William (possibly Nottingham).^{[vi] [ self-published source? ]}
  • Mary Brewster, wife.
  • Love/Truelove Brewster, 9, son (Leiden).
  • Wrestling Brewster, 6, son (Leiden).
• Carver, John (possibly Yorkshire).^{[7] [ self-published source? ]}
  • Katherine (Leggett) (White) Carver, wife (probably Sturton-le-Steeple, Nottinghamshire).
• Chilton, James* (Canterbury, Kent).^{[8] [ self-published source? ] [nine] [ self-published source ]}
  • Mrs. (James) Chilton*, wife.
  • Mary Chilton, 13, daughter (Sandwich, Kent).
• Cooke, Francis.
  • John Cooke, 13, son (Leiden).
• Cooper, Humility, 1, (probably Leiden) baby daughter of Robert Cooper, in company of her aunt Ann Cooper Tilley, wife of Edward Tilley^[10]
• Crackstone/Crackston, John* (possibly Colchester, Essex).^{[xi] [ cocky-published source? ]}
  • John Crackstone, son.
• Fletcher, Moses* (Sandwich, Kent).^{[12] [ self-published source? ]}
• Fuller, Edward* (Redenhall, Norfolk).^[nine]
  • Mrs. (Edward) ____Fuller*, wife.^{[13] [14]}
  • Samuel Fuller, 12, son.
• Fuller, Samuel (Redenhall, Norfolk), (brother to Edward).
• Goodman, John (perhaps Northampton).^{[xv] [ self-published source? ]}
• Priest, Degory*
• Rogers, Thomas* (Watford, Northamptonshire).
  • Joseph Rogers, 17, son (Watford, Northamptonshire).
• Samson, Henry, 16, (Henlow, Bedfordshire) child in visitor of his uncle and aunt Edward and Ann Tilley.^[ten]
• Tilley, Edward* (Henlow, Bedfordshire)
  • Ann (Cooper) Tilley* (Henlow, Bedfordshire) wife of Edward and aunt of Humility Cooper and Henry Samson.
• Tilley, John* (Henlow, Bedfordshire).
  • Joan (Hurst) (Rogers) Tilley*, wife (Henlow, Bedfordshire).
  • Elizabeth Tilley, xiii, daughter (Henlow, Bedfordshire).
• Tinker, Thomas* (perchance Norfolk).^{[16] [ self-published source? ]}
  • Mrs. Thomas Tinker*, wife.
  • male child Tinker*, son, died in the winter of 1620.
• Turner, John* (perchance Norfolk).^{[17] [ self-published source? ]}
  • boy Turner*, son, died in the winter of 1620.
  • male child Turner*, younger son. died in the winter of 1620.
• White, William*^[18] William White's sister Bridget was John Robinson'south wife. John Robinson was Pastor of the Pilgrim Fathers leading the Separatists since his days at higher at Cambridge^[19]
  • Susanna White, married woman, widowed Feb 21, 1621. She subsequently married Pilgrim Edward Winslow.^{[18] [20]}
  • Resolved White, five, son, wife was Judith Vassal.^[18]
  • Peregrine White, son. Born on lath the Mayflower in Cape Cod Harbor in late Nov 1620. First European born to the Pilgrims in America.^[18]
• Williams, Thomas^{[21] [ self-published source? ]}
• Winslow, Edward (Droitwich, Worcestershire).
  • Elizabeth (Barker) Winslow, wife.

Servants of the Leiden Congregation [edit]

• Butten, William* (possibly Nottingham), "a youth", indentured retainer of Samuel Fuller, died during the voyage. He was the first passenger to die on November 16, three days before Cape Cod was sighted.^{[22] [ self-published source? ]}
• ____, Dorothy, teenager, maidservant of John Carver.
• Hooke, John*, (probably Norwich, Norfolk) age xiii, apprenticed to Isaac Allerton, died during the first winter.
• Howland, John, (Fenstanton, Huntingdonshire), about 21, manservant and executive assistant for Governor John Carver.^{[23] [ self-published source? ]}
• Latham, William, (perhaps Lancashire), age 11, servant and amateur to the John Carver family.^{[24] [ cocky-published source? ]}
• Minter, Desire, (Norwich, Norfolk), a retainer of John Carver whose parents died in Leiden.^{[25] [ cocky-published source? ] [26] [ cocky-published source ]}

Mayflower plaque in St. James Church in Shipton, Shropshire commemorating the More children baptism.

• More than, Ellen (Elinor)*, (Shipton, Shropshire),^{[27] [ self-published source? ]} age 8, assigned as a retainer of Edward Winslow. She died from illness quondam in November 1620 soon afterward the arrival of Mayflower in Greatcoat Cod harbor and probable was buried ashore there in an unmarked grave.^{[28] [ self-published source ]}
• More than, Jasper*, (Shipton, Shropshire),^[27] age vii, indentured to John Carver. He died from affliction on board Mayflower on December 6, 1620 and probable was buried ashore on Cape Cod in an unmarked grave.^[28]
• More, Richard, (Shipton, Shropshire),^[27] age 6, indentured to William Brewster. He is cached in the Charter Street Burying Basis in Salem, Massachusetts. He is the only Mayflower passenger to have his gravestone still where it was originally placed sometime in the mid-1690s. Also buried nearby in the aforementioned cemetery were his wives Christian Hunter More and Jane (Crumpton) More.^{[28] [29]}
• More than, Mary*, (Shipton, Shropshire),^[27] historic period 4^{[ citation needed ]}, assigned equally a servant of William Brewster. She died old in the winter of 1620/1621. She and her sis Ellen are recognized on the Pilgrim Memorial Tomb in Plymouth.^[28]
• Soule, George, (perchance Bedfordshire), 21–25, servant or employee of Edward Winslow.
• Story, Elias*, age under 21, in the care of Edward Winslow.
• Wilder, Roger*, age nether 21, servant in the John Carver family unit.

Passengers recruited by Thomas Weston, of London Merchant Adventurers [edit]

• Billington, John (possibly Lancashire).^{[thirty] [ self-published source? ]}
  • Eleanor Billington, wife.
  • John Billington, 16, son.
  • Francis Billington, 14, son.
• Britteridge, Richard* (possibly Sussex).^{[31] [ self-published source? ]}
• Browne, Peter (Dorking, Surrey).
• Clarke, Richard*
• Eaton, Francis (Bristol, Gloucestershire/Somerset).^{[32] [ cocky-published source? ]}
  • Sarah Eaton*, wife.
  • Samuel Eaton, one, son.
• Gardiner, Richard (Harwich, Essex).
• Hopkins, Stephen (Upper Clatford, Hampshire).
  • Elizabeth (Fisher) Hopkins, married woman.
  • Giles Hopkins, 12, son by outset spousal relationship (Hursley, Hampshire).
  • Constance Hopkins, xiv, daughter by first marriage (Hursley, Hampshire).
  • Damaris Hopkins, 1–two, daughter. (She died soon in Plymouth Colony and her parents afterward had another daughter with the same name.)
  • Oceanus Hopkins, built-in on board the Mayflower while en route to the New World.
• Margesson, Edmund* (perhaps Norfolk).^{[33] [ self-published source? ]}
• Martin, Christopher* 38 (Keen Burstead, Essex). Mayflower Governor & Purchasing Agent.
  • Mary (Prowe) Martin*, wife.
• Mullins, William* (Dorking, Surrey).
  • Alice Mullins*, wife.
  • Priscilla Mullins, 18, daughter.
  • Joseph Mullins*, 14, son.
• Prowe, Solomon* (Billericay, Essex). Son of Mary Prowe
• Rigsdale, John* (possibly Lincolnshire).^{[34] [ self-published source? ]}
  • Alice Rigsdale*, married woman.
• Standish, Myles (Standish, Wigan, Lancashire). Military machine Expert for Colony.
  • Rose Standish*, married woman.
• Warren, Richard (Hertford, England).
• Winslow, Gilbert (Droitwich, Worcestershire), blood brother to Pilgrim Edward Winslow but not known to have lived in Leiden.

Servants of Merchant Adventurers passengers [edit]

• Carter, Robert*, (possibly Surrey), teenager, servant or apprentice to William Mullins, shoemaker.
• Doty, Edward, (maybe Lincolnshire) historic period probably virtually 21, retainer to Stephen Hopkins.
• Holbeck, William*, age probable under 21, servant to William White.
• Langemore, John*, age under 21, servant to Christopher Martin.
• Leister, Edward also spelled Leitster, (possibly vicinity of London), aged over 21, servant to Stephen Hopkins.^[35]
• Thompson (or Thomson), Edward*, age under 21, in the care of the William White family unit, first passenger to dice after the Mayflower reached Greatcoat Cod.

Passenger activities and intendance [edit]

Some families traveled together, while some men came alone, leaving families in England and Leiden. Ii wives on board were pregnant; Elizabeth Hopkins gave nascency to son Oceanus while at body of water, and Susanna White gave nascence to son Peregrine in late Nov while the ship was anchored in Cape Cod Harbor. He is historically recognized equally the outset European child born in the New England expanse. One young human died during the voyage, and there was one stillbirth during the construction of the colony.

According to the Mayflower passenger list, but over a third of the passengers were Puritan Separatists who sought to break abroad from the established Church of England and create a social club along the lines of their religious ethics. Other passengers were hired hands, servants, or farmers recruited by London merchants, all originally destined for the Colony of Virginia. Four of this latter grouping of passengers were modest children given into the care of Mayflower pilgrims as indentured servants. The Virginia Company began the transportation of children in 1618.^[36] Until relatively recently, the children were idea to be orphans, foundlings, or involuntary child labor. At that time, children were routinely rounded up from the streets of London or taken from poor families receiving church relief to be used as laborers in the colonies. Any legal objections to the involuntary transportation of the children were overridden by the Privy Council.^{[37] [38]} For instance it has been proven that the four More than children were sent to America because they were accounted illegitimate.^[39] Three of the four More children died in the offset winter in the New World, only Richard lived to exist approximately 81, dying in Salem, probably in 1695 or 1696.^[xl]

The passengers generally slept and lived in the low-ceilinged great cabins and on the main deck, which was 75 by twenty feet large (23 m × vi m) at well-nigh. The cabins were thin-walled and extremely cramped, and the total area was 25 ft past 15 ft (7.6 m × iv.5 chiliad) at its largest. Beneath decks, whatever person over v anxiety (150 cm) tall would be unable to stand upwardly direct. The maximum possible space for each person would have been slightly less than the size of a standard unmarried bed.^[41]

Passengers would pass the time by reading by candlelight or playing cards and games such as nine men'due south morris.^[42] Meals on board were cooked past the firebox, which was an iron tray with sand in it on which a fire was congenital. This was risky because information technology was kept in the waist of the ship. Passengers made their own meals from rations that were issued daily and food was cooked for a grouping at a time.^[41]

Upon arrival in America, the harsh climate and scarcity of fresh food were exacerbated by the shortness of provisions due to the delay in departure. Living in these extremely close and crowded quarters, several passengers adult scurvy, a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C. At the time the use of lemons or limes to counter this disease was unknown, and the usual dietary sources of vitamin C in fruits and vegetables had been depleted, since these fresh foods could not exist stored for long periods without their becoming rotten. Passengers who developed scurvy experienced symptoms such as bleeding gums, teeth falling out, and stinking breath.^[43]

Passengers consumed large amounts of alcohol such as beer with meals. This was known to be safer than water, which often came from polluted sources causing diseases. All nutrient and drinkable was stored in barrels known as "hogsheads".^[43] The passenger William Mullins brought 126 pairs of shoes and 13 pairs of boots in his luggage. Other items included oiled leather and canvas suits, stuff gowns and leather and stuff breeches, shirts, jerkins, doublets, neckcloths, hats and caps, hose, stockings, belts, piece goods, and haberdashery. At his decease, his estate consisted of extensive footwear and other items of wear, and fabricated his daughter Priscilla and her married man John Alden quite prosperous.^{[42] [44] [45]}

No cattle or beasts of draft or burden were brought on the journey, but at that place were pigs, goats, and poultry. Some passengers brought family unit pets such every bit cats and birds. Peter Browne took his large bitch mastiff, and John Goodman brought along his spaniel.^[42]

Mayflower officers and crew [edit]

According to author Charles Edward Banks, the Mayflower had 14 officers consisting of the master, four mates, 4 quartermasters, surgeon, carpenter, cooper, cook, boatswain, and gunner, plus virtually 36 men before the mast for a total of 50. More than recent authors guess a crew of almost 30. The entire coiffure stayed with the Mayflower in Plymouth through the winter of 1620–21, and about half of them died. The surviving crew returned to London on the Mayflower on Apr 5, 1621.^{[46] [47] [ self-published source? ] [48] [ self-published source ] [49] [50]}

Coiffure members per various sources [edit]

Banks states that the crew totaled 36 men before the mast and fourteen officers, making a total of 50. Nathaniel Philbrick estimates between 20 and thirty sailors in her coiffure whose names are unknown. Nick Bunker states that Mayflower had a coiffure of at least 17 and possibly every bit many as 30. Caleb Johnson states that the ship carried a coiffure of about 30 men, but the verbal number is unknown.^{[51] [52] [43] : 25 [53] : 31}

Officers and crew [edit]

• Captain: Christopher Jones. Virtually age l, of Harwich, a seaport in Essex, England, which was besides the port of his ship Mayflower. He and his send were veterans of the European cargo concern, oft carrying wine to England, but neither had ever crossed the Atlantic. By June 1620, he and Mayflower had been hired for the Pilgrims voyage by their business organisation agents in London, Thomas Weston of the Merchant Adventurers and Robert Cushman.^{[54] [55]}

Historical marker in London honoring Mayflower and Helm Jones

Plymouth Rock, which commemorates the landing of Mayflower in 1620

• Masters Mate: John Clark (Clarke), Airplane pilot. By historic period 45 in 1620, Clark already had greater adventures than virtually other mariners of that unsafe era. His piloting career began in England about 1609. In early 1611, he was pilot of a 300-ton ship on his starting time New World voyage, with a three-transport convoy sailing from London to the new settlement of Jamestown in Virginia. Two other ships were in that convoy, and the 3 ships brought 300 new settlers to Jamestown, going first to the Caribbean islands of Dominica and Nevis. While in Jamestown, Clark piloted ships in the area carrying various stores. During that time, he was taken prisoner in a confrontation with the Spanish; he was taken to Havana and held for two years, so transferred to Spain where he was in custody for five years. In 1616, he was finally freed in a prisoner exchange with England. In 1618, he was back in Jamestown as airplane pilot of the send Falcon. Shortly after his return to England, he was hired as pilot for Mayflower in 1620.^{[56] [53] : 24 [57]}
• Masters Mate: Robert Coppin, Pilot. Coppin had prior New Earth feel; he previously hunted whales in Newfoundland and sailed the coast of New England.^{[56] [58]} He was an early on investor in the Virginia Visitor, being named in the Second Virginia Charter of 1609. He was possibly from Harwich in Essex, the hometown of Captain Jones.
• Masters Mate: Andrew Williamson
• Masters Mate: John Parker^[56]
• Surgeon: Doctor Giles Heale. The surgeon on board Mayflower was never mentioned by Bradford, simply his identity was well established. He was essential in providing comfort to all who died or were fabricated ill that get-go winter. He was a immature man from Drury Lane in the parish of St. Giles in the Field, London who had completed his apprenticeship with the Barber-Surgeons in the previous yr. On February 21, 1621, he was a witness to the death-bed will of William Mullins. He survived the first winter and returned to London on Mayflower in April 1621, where he began his medical practice and worked as a surgeon until his death in 1653.^{[43] : 24 [59] [60]}
• Cooper: John Alden. Alden was a 21-twelvemonth-old from Harwich in Essex and a distant relative of Captain Jones. He hired on apparently while Mayflower was anchored at Southampton Waters. He was responsible for maintaining the ship's barrels, known as hogsheads, which were disquisitional to the passengers' survival and held the but source of food and drinkable while at sea; tending them was a task which required a crew member'south attention. Bradford noted that Alden was "left to his own liking to go or stay" in Plymouth rather than return with the transport to England. He decided to remain.^{[61] [62]}
• Quartermaster: (names unknown), 4 men. These men were in charge of maintaining the ship'due south cargo hold, likewise as the crew'south hours for standing watch. Some of the "before the mast" crewmen may also take been in this section. These quartermasters were likewise responsible for fishing and maintaining all line-fishing supplies and harpoons. The names of the quartermasters are unknown, simply it is known that three of the four men died the showtime wintertime.^{[56] [57]}
• Melt: (Gorge Hurst). He was responsible for preparing the crew's meals and maintaining all nutrient supplies and the cook room, which was typically located in the ship's forecastle (forepart). The unnamed melt died the first winter.^[63]
• Master Gunner: (name unknown). He was in charge of the ship's guns, ammunition, and powder. Some of those "earlier the mast" were likely in his charge. He is recorded as going on an exploration on December 6, 1620, and was "sick unto death and then remained all that 24-hour interval, and the adjacent night". He died later that winter.^[64]
• Boatswain: (name unknown). He was the person in charge of the ship's rigging and sails, the anchors, and the ship's longboat. The majority of the crew members "before the mast" were most likely nether his supervision, working the sails and rigging. The performance of the ship'south shallop was as well probably under his control, a low-cal open up boat with oars or sails (run into seaman Thomas English language). William Bradford made this annotate about the boatswain: "the boatswain... was a proud young man, who would often curse and scoff at the passengers, just when he grew weak they had compassion on him and helped him." But despite such assistance, the unnamed boatswain died the first winter.^[63]
• Carpenter: (name unknown). He was responsible for making sure that the hull was well-caulked and the masts were in skillful order. He was the person responsible for maintaining all areas of the ship in good status and being a general repairman. He likewise maintained the tools and all necessary items to perform his carpentry tasks. His name is unknown, merely his tasks were quite important to the safety and seaworthiness of the ship.^{[56] [65]}
• Swabber: (diverse crewmen). This was the lowliest position on the ship, responsible for cleaning (swabbing) the decks. The swabber usually had an banana who was responsible for cleaning the ship'southward beakhead (extreme front end), which was as well the crew's toilet.^[66]

Known Mayflower seamen [edit]

• John Allerton: A Mayflower seaman who was hired by the company as labor to help in the Colony during the beginning yr, so to return to Leiden to help other church members seeking to travel to America. He signed the Mayflower Compact. He was a seaman on ship's shallop with Thomas English on exploration of December 6, 1620, and died sometime before Mayflower returned to England in April 1621.^{[67] [68]}
• ____ Ely: A Mayflower seaman who was contracted to stay for a year, which he did. He returned to England with fellow crewman William Trevor on the Fortune in December 1621. Genealogist Jeremy Bangs believes that his name was either John or Christopher Ely (or Ellis), both of whom are documented in Leiden, Holland.^[69]
• Thomas English: A Mayflower seaman who was hired to be the master of the shallop (encounter Boatswain) and to be part of the company. He signed the Mayflower Meaty. He was a seaman on the ship'southward shallop with John Allerton on exploration of December half-dozen, 1620, and died erstwhile earlier the departure of Mayflower for England in Apr 1621. He appeared in Leiden records every bit "Thomas England".^{[seventy] [71]}
• William Trevore (Trevor): A Mayflower seaman who was hired to remain in Plymouth for 1 year. One reason for his hiring was his prior New Globe experience. He was i of those seamen to crew the shallop used in coastal trading. He returned to England with _____ Ely and others on the Fortune in Dec 1621. In 1623, Robert Cushman noted that Trevor reported to the Adventurers about what he saw in the New World. He did at some time render every bit master of a send and was recorded living in Massachusetts Bay Colony in April 1650.^{[72] [73] [74]}

Unidentified rider [edit]

• "Master" Leaver: Another rider not mentioned past Bradford is a person called "Master" Leaver. He was named in Mourt's Relation (London, 1622), under a date of January 12, 1621, as a leader of an trek to rescue Pilgrims lost in the forest for several days while searching for housing-roof thatch. It is unknown in what capacity he came to Mayflower and his given proper name is unknown. The title of "Primary" indicates that he was a person of some say-so and prominence in the company. He may have been a main officer of Mayflower. No more than is known of him; he may take returned to England on Mayflower 's April 1621 voyage or died of the illnesses that afflicted so many that starting time winter.^[75]

Known crew members [edit]

• Christopher Jones – Helm
• John Clarke – First Mate and Pilot
• Robert Coppin – Second Mate and Pilot
• Giles Heale – ship'southward surgeon, identified with the Separatists. He is not counted equally one of the 102 passengers.
• Andrew Williamson – Seaman
• John Parker – Seaman
• Chief Leaver – Seaman^[76]

Ship crewmen hired to stay one year [edit]

• John Alden – A 21 year-old from Harwich, Essex, the ship's cooper; he was given the selection of remaining in the colony or returning to England and decided to remain.
• John Allerton* – A Mayflower seaman hired equally colony labor for one twelvemonth who was then to return to Leiden to assist church members with travel to America. He died some time before the Mayflower departed for England on April 5, 1621.^[77]
• ____ Ely – A Mayflower seaman contracted to stay for i year. He returned to England on the Fortune in December 1621 along with William Trevor. Jeremy Bangs believes that his name was either John or Christopher Ely, or Ellis, who are documented in Leiden records.^[78]
• Thomas English language* – A Mayflower seaman hired to be master of the ship's shallop. He died sometime earlier the departure of the Mayflower for England on April 5, 1621.
• William Trevore – A Mayflower seaman with prior New Earth experience hired to work in the colony for i year. He returned to England on the Fortune in December 1621 along with Ely and others. By 1650, he had returned to New England.

Note: Asterisk on whatever name indicates those who died in the winter of 1620–21.

Animals on board [edit]

Two dogs are known to have participated in settling Plymouth. In Mourt's Relation, Edward Winslow writes that a female English language Mastiff and a small English Springer Spaniel came aground on the first explorations of Provincetown. The send was probably also carrying small domestic animals such as goats, pigs, and chickens. Larger domestic animals came later, such as cows and sheep.^[79]

See likewise [edit]

• Mayflower Compact
• Mayflower Compact signatories
• List of Mayflower passengers who died at ocean Nov/December 1620
• List of Mayflower passengers who died in the wintertime of 1620–21
• The Mayflower Society

References [edit]

1. ^ Bradford, William (1856). History of Plymouth Plantation. Boston: Privately Printed. p. 24.
2. ^ "Who Were the Pilgrims?".
3. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 59
4. ^ Locations of nativity for Mayflower passengers follow Caleb Johnson'due south listing every bit found at Mayflower History.com Archived 2006-09-05 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved August 29, 2006.
5. ^ Eugene Aubrey Stratton. Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620–1691, (Ancestry Publishing, Salt Lake Metropolis, UT, 1986) p. 234
6. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana:Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 91
7. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 107
8. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 115
9. ^ ^{a b} Division of passengers by category more often than not follows Appendix I of Saints and Strangers by George F. Willison with some exceptions.
10. ^ ^{a b} Humility Cooper and Henry Sampson were both children who joined their uncle and aunt Edward and Ann Tilley for the voyage. Willison lists them as "strangers" considering they were non members of the church at Leiden; even so, as children they would have been under their aunt and uncle who were members of that group.
11. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 130
12. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 142
13. ^ A genealogical profile of Edward Fuller [1] Archived 2011-11-02 at the Wayback Machine
14. ^ Pilgrim Hamlet Family Sketch Edward Fuller New England Genealogical Celebrated Lodge [2] Archived 2012-11-xiii at the Wayback Automobile
15. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 154
16. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 239
17. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 243
18. ^ ^{a b c d} Ruth Wilder Sherman, CG, FASG, and Robert Moody Sherman, CG, FASG, Mayflower Families Through Five Generations, Family of William White, Vol. 13, 3rd edition (Pub. by Full general Society of Mayflower Descendants 2006) p. 3.
19. ^ RBN592J
20. ^ Nathaniel Philbrick. Mayflower: A story of Courage, Community and State of war (Viking 2006) p. 104
21. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 250
22. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 105
23. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 169
24. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 177
25. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 187
26. ^ A genealogical profile of John Carver (a collaboration of Plimoth Plantation and New England Historic Genealogical Society accessed 2013-04-21) [3] Archived 2012-11-01 at the Wayback Auto
27. ^ ^{a b c d} Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 190
28. ^ ^{a b c d} David Lindsay, Mayflower Bounder: A Stranger amidst the Pilgrims (New York: St. Martins Press, 2002) p. 27
29. ^ Memorial for The More than children [iv]
30. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 3
31. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 73
32. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 138
33. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 182
34. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 200
35. ^ William Bradford. History of Plymouth Plantation past William Bradford, the second Governor of Plymouth (Boston, 1856) p. 455
36. ^ Donald F. Harris, PhD., The Mayflower Descendant (July 1994) vol. 44 no. 2 p. 111
37. ^ R.C. Johnson, The Transportation of Vagrant Children from London to Virginia, 1618–1622, in H.Southward. Reinmuth (Ed.), Early on Stuart Studies: Essays in Honor of David Harris Willson, Minneapolis, 1970.
38. ^ The Mayflower Descendant (July 2, 1994) vol. 44 no. 2 pp. 110, 111
39. ^ Donald F. Harris, The Mayflower Descendants vol 43 (July 1993), vol. 44 (July 1994).
40. ^ David Lindsay, Mayflower Bastard: A Stranger amongst the Pilgrims (St. Martins Printing, New York, 2002) Introduction
41. ^ ^{a b} Caffrey, Kate. The Mayflower. New York: Stein and Day, 1974
42. ^ ^{a b c} Hodgson, Godfrey. A Great and Godly Adventure. Public Affairs: New York, 2006
43. ^ ^{a b c d} Nathaniel Philbrick, Mayflower: A Story of Backbone, Community and State of war, (Penguin Books 2006)
44. ^ Johnson 2006, p. 195. sfn fault: no target: CITEREFJohnson2006 (aid)
45. ^ Charles Edward Banks, The English ancestry and homes of the Pilgrim Fathers who came to Plymouth on the "Mayflower" in 1620, the "Fortune" in 1621, and the "Anne" and the "Little James" in 1623, (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2006), pp. 73–74
46. ^ Charles Edward Banks, The English Beginnings and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the Mayflower in 1620, the Fortune in 1621, and the Anne and the Little James in 1623 (Baltimore, Doc: Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) pp. 18–nineteen
47. ^ Caleb H. Johnson, The Mayflower and her passengers (Indiana: Xlibris Corp., 2006) p. 33
48. ^ Eugene Aubrey Stratton, Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620–1691 (Common salt Lake City: Ancestry Publishing 1986) p. 21
49. ^ Nick Bunker, Making Haste from Babylon: The Mayflower Pilgrims and their New World a History (New York: Knopf 2010), p. 31
50. ^ Nathaniel Philbrick, Mayflower: A Story of Courage, Community and War, (Penguin Books 2006) p. 25
51. ^ Johnson 2006, p. 33. sfn error: no target: CITEREFJohnson2006 (aid)
52. ^ Charles Edward Banks, The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers Who Came to Plymouth on the "Mayflower" in 1620, the "Fortune" in 1621, and the "Anne" and "Little James" in 1623,(orig. pub: 1929 reprint: 2006 by Genealogical Publishing Co.), pp. 18–19
53. ^ ^{a b} Bunker, Nick. Making Haste from Babylon: The Mayflower Pilgrims and their New World a History, Knopf, New York (2011) ISBN 0307386260
54. ^ Charles Edward Banks, The English Beginnings and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the "Mayflower" in 1620, the "Fortune" in 1621, and the "Anne" and the "Little James" in 1623 (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) pp. 19–20
55. ^ Johnson 2006, pp. 25, 28, 31. sfn fault: no target: CITEREFJohnson2006 (assist)
56. ^ ^{a b c d e} Charles Edward Banks, The English language Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the "Mayflower" in 1620, the "Fortune" in 1621, and the "Anne" and the "Little James" in 1623 (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 19
57. ^ ^{a b} Johnson 2006, pp. 32–33. sfn mistake: no target: CITEREFJohnson2006 (assistance)
58. ^ Johnson 2006, p. 32. sfn error: no target: CITEREFJohnson2006 (help)
59. ^ Johnson 2006, p. 33–34. sfn error: no target: CITEREFJohnson2006 (assist)
60. ^ Charles Edward Banks, The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the "Mayflower" in 1620, the "Fortune" in 1621, and the "Anne" and the "Little James" in 1623 (Baltimore, Doc.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) pp. 7–viii, 19
61. ^ Johnson 2006, pp. 34, 46. sfn error: no target: CITEREFJohnson2006 (help)
62. ^ Charles Edward Banks, The English language Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the "Mayflower" in 1620, the "Fortune" in 1621, and the "Anne" and the "Little James" in 1623 (Baltimore, MD.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) pp. 7, 19. 27–28
63. ^ ^{a b} Johnson 2006, p. 35. sfn error: no target: CITEREFJohnson2006 (help)
64. ^ Johnson 2006, p. 34. sfn mistake: no target: CITEREFJohnson2006 (assist)
65. ^ Johnson 2006, pp. 34–35. sfn mistake: no target: CITEREFJohnson2006 (help)
66. ^ In the tradition of the sea, each Monday a crew member was appointed the "liar" or swabber banana. This person was the outset person defenseless telling a prevarication the previous calendar week, and the crew would harass him around the main mast with calls of "liar, liar." (Johnson 2006, p. 35) harv error: no target: CITEREFJohnson2006 (help)
67. ^ Johnson 2006, pp. 71–72, 14. sfn mistake: no target: CITEREFJohnson2006 (aid)
68. ^ Eugene Aubrey Stratton. Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620–1691, (Beginnings Publishing, Salt Lake City, UT, 1986) pp. 21, 234
69. ^ Eugene Aubrey Stratton. Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620–1691, (Beginnings Publishing, Table salt Lake City, UT, 1986) pp. 21, 289
70. ^ Johnson 2006, p. 141. sfn error: no target: CITEREFJohnson2006 (assist)
71. ^ Eugene Aubrey Stratton. Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620–1691, (Ancestry Publishing, Table salt Lake Urban center, UT, 1986) p. 289
72. ^ Charles Edward Banks, The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the "Mayflower" in 1620, the "Fortune" in 1621, and the "Anne" and the "Footling James" in 1623 (Baltimore, Doctor.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) p. 90
73. ^ Johnson 2006, pp. 240–242. sfn error: no target: CITEREFJohnson2006 (aid)
74. ^ Eugene Aubrey Stratton. Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620–1691, (Ancestry Publishing, Salt Lake City, UT, 1986) pp. 21, 364
75. ^ Charles Edward Banks, The English language Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers: who came to Plymouth on the "Mayflower" in 1620, the "Fortune" in 1621, and the "Anne" and the "Piffling James" in 1623 (Baltimore, Doc.:Genealogical Publishing Co., 2006) pp. 8–ix
76. ^ David Beale, The Mayflower Pilgrims: Roots of Puritan, Presbyterian, Congregationalist, and Baptist Heritage (Greenville, SC: Administrator-Emerald International, 2000) pp. 121–122
77. ^ Eugene Aubrey Stratton, Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620–1691 (Common salt Lake Metropolis: Beginnings Publishing 1986) pp. 21, 234
78. ^ Eugene Aubrey Stratton, Plymouth Colony: Its History and People, 1620–1691 (Salt Lake Metropolis: Ancestry Publishing 1986) pp. 21, 289
79. ^ "Animals".

Sources [edit]

• Mayflower passengers from William Bradford's Of Plymouth Plantation, 1650.

aternuesconjou.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Mayflower_passengers

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